Saturday, November 19, 2011

SAFE ENTRY ZONES TO BRAINSTEM


Safe entry zones to brainstem - Rationale
Ø  The brain stem is densely composed of important neural structures such as nuclei and neural tracts.
Ø  Causes of morbidity following brainstem surgery-
o   Direct damage during removal of the lesion,
o   Selection of an entry route into the brain stem, and
o   The direction of brain stem retraction
Ø  In most cases, the optimal surgical route can be established by use of the 2-point method, in which an imaginary line drawn from the center of the lesion to the point nearest the surface of the brain defines the least disruptive approach Where critical neural structures are sparse and no perforating arteries are present.
Safe entry zones to brainstem
Suprafacial triangle
MLF medially
VII nerve caudally
SCP & ICP laterally
  The brain stem can be retracted either laterally or rostrally with relative safety.
Infrafacial triangle
MLF medially,
Striae medullares caudally,
Facial nerve laterally
The brain stem can be retracted only laterally.
Safe entry zones to brainstem Anterolateral aspect
Midbrain- Lateral mesencephalic sulcus
Pons- Peritrigeminal area
Medulla- Retro-olivary sulcus

1 comments:

Mindvalley said...

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https://blog.mindvalley.com/brain-stem-function/